The BMW M has a reputation as a high-performing car line, both on the track and in the streets. It’s been like that for decades, but the German manufacturer needed to modernize at the turn of the century, introducing the S54 engine.  Despite marketing as the high-performance equivalent to the M54, the S54 was more of an upgrade to BMW’s S50 B32 engine. Using the 3.2-liter engine as a base, BMW increased the cylinder bore of the S54 to
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